{"id":50862,"date":"2023-07-17T02:34:44","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T02:34:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/?p=50862"},"modified":"2023-07-17T02:34:46","modified_gmt":"2023-07-17T02:34:46","slug":"razavi-analog-electronics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/","title":{"rendered":"Razavi Analog Electronics: A Comprehensive Guide to Circuit Design"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_56_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-663fa8a60eaaf\" ><span class=\"\"><span style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input aria-label=\"Toggle\" aria-label=\"item-663fa8a60eaaf\"  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-663fa8a60eaaf\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Overview_of_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\" title=\"Overview of Razavi Analog Electronics\">Overview of Razavi Analog Electronics<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#History_of_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\" title=\"History of Razavi Analog Electronics\">History of Razavi Analog Electronics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Applications_of_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\" title=\"Applications of Razavi Analog Electronics\">Applications of Razavi Analog Electronics<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Basic_Concepts_in_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\" title=\"Basic Concepts in Razavi Analog Electronics\">Basic Concepts in Razavi Analog Electronics<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Circuit_Analysis\" title=\"Circuit Analysis\">Circuit Analysis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Device_Modeling\" title=\"Device Modeling\">Device Modeling<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Frequency_Response_Analysis\" title=\"Frequency Response Analysis\">Frequency Response Analysis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Advanced_Topics_in_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\" title=\"Advanced Topics in Razavi Analog Electronics\">Advanced Topics in Razavi Analog Electronics<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Noise_Analysis\" title=\"Noise Analysis\">Noise Analysis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Oscillators_and_Phase-Locked_Loops\" title=\"Oscillators and Phase-Locked Loops\">Oscillators and Phase-Locked Loops<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Analog-to-Digital_and_Digital-to-Analog_Converters\" title=\"Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters\">Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Future_Developments_in_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\" title=\"Future Developments in Razavi Analog Electronics\">Future Developments in Razavi Analog Electronics<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Emerging_Technologies\" title=\"Emerging Technologies\">Emerging Technologies<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/#Research_Directions\" title=\"Research Directions\">Research Directions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>Razavi Analog Electronics is a field that has undergone significant advancements in the past few years. It is a subfield of electronics that deals with the design and analysis of analog circuits. Analog circuits are circuits that process signals that vary continuously, such as sound and light. This field has a wide range of applications, from consumer electronics to medical devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main goal of Razavi Analog Electronics is to design and analyze circuits that perform specific functions accurately and reliably. The field has evolved significantly over the years, with advancements in technology and the introduction of new design methodologies. The field is interdisciplinary, drawing knowledge from various fields such as mathematics, physics, and computer science. In recent years, there has been a growing demand for professionals with expertise in Razavi Analog Electronics, particularly in the areas of integrated <a href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/circuit-designing\/\">circuit design<\/a> and signal processing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-dffb607a wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/canvas-1-1024x641.png \" src=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/canvas-1-1024x641.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"uag-image-47929\" title=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview_of_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\"><\/span>Overview of Razavi Analog Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Razavi Analog Electronics is a field of study that focuses on the design and analysis of analog circuits. It is named after Behzad Razavi, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), who has made significant contributions to the field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/contact\/\"><strong><strong><strong>Request PCB Manufacturing &amp; Assembly Quote Now<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"History_of_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\"><\/span>History of Razavi Analog Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The development of Razavi Analog Electronics can be traced back to the early 1990s when Behzad Razavi published his first book on the subject, &#8220;Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits&#8221;. The book became a widely used reference in the field and helped to establish Razavi as a leading authority in analog circuit design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the years, Razavi has continued to publish numerous research papers and books on the subject, including &#8220;RF Microelectronics&#8221; and &#8220;Fundamentals of Microelectronics&#8221;. His work has had a significant impact on the field of analog circuit design and has helped to advance the state-of-the-art in areas such as high-frequency circuit design, low-power circuit design, and integrated circuit design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Applications_of_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\"><\/span>Applications of Razavi Analog Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Razavi Analog Electronics has a wide range of applications in various fields, including telecommunications, consumer electronics, medical devices, and <a href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/automotive-electronics\/\">automotive electronics<\/a>. Some of the common applications of Razavi Analog Electronics include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Wireless communication systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sensors and instrumentation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Audio and video processing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Power management and control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Signal processing and filtering<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In each of these applications, the goal is to design analog circuits that are efficient, reliable, and cost-effective. By leveraging the principles and techniques of Razavi Analog Electronics, engineers can develop circuits that meet these requirements and deliver high performance in a variety of settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, Razavi Analog Electronics is an important field of study that has had a significant impact on the design and analysis of analog circuits. With its rich history and broad range of applications, it continues to be an area of active research and development, with many exciting new advances on the horizon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basic_Concepts_in_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\"><\/span>Basic Concepts in Razavi Analog Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-2e66eda8 wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FULL-PCB-MANUFACTURING-1-2.jpg \" src=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/FULL-PCB-MANUFACTURING-1-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"uag-image-46579\" title=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Circuit_Analysis\"><\/span>Circuit Analysis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Circuit analysis is the foundation of analog electronics. It involves analyzing the behavior of circuits under different conditions and determining the voltages and currents at various points in the circuit. In Razavi Analog Electronics, circuit analysis is done using Kirchhoff&#8217;s laws, Ohm&#8217;s law, and other basic circuit analysis techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/contact\/\"><strong><strong><strong>Request PCB Manufacturing &amp; Assembly Quote Now<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Device_Modeling\"><\/span>Device Modeling<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Device modeling is the process of creating mathematical models of electronic devices such as transistors, diodes, and op-amps. In Razavi Analog Electronics, device modeling is done using SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis), which is a powerful tool for simulating and analyzing electronic circuits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequency_Response_Analysis\"><\/span>Frequency Response Analysis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Frequency response analysis is the study of how circuits respond to different frequencies of input signals. In Razavi Analog Electronics, frequency response analysis is done using Bode plots, which show the gain and phase shift of a circuit as a function of frequency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, Razavi Analog Electronics is a comprehensive and rigorous approach to analog circuit design and analysis. By mastering the basic concepts of circuit analysis, device modeling, and frequency response analysis, students can develop the skills and knowledge necessary to design and analyze complex analog circuits with confidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Advanced_Topics_in_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\"><\/span>Advanced Topics in Razavi Analog Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noise_Analysis\"><\/span>Noise Analysis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the key challenges in analog circuit design is dealing with noise. Razavi&#8217;s book covers various noise sources and their effects on circuit performance. The book also provides methods to analyze and minimize noise in analog circuits. The analysis includes thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise, and more. Razavi also covers the impact of noise on amplifier gain, bandwidth, and distortion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Oscillators_and_Phase-Locked_Loops\"><\/span>Oscillators and Phase-Locked Loops<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Another important topic covered in Razavi&#8217;s book is oscillators and phase-locked loops (PLLs). The book provides a detailed explanation of oscillator theory, including LC oscillators, crystal oscillators, and voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs). The book also covers PLLs, which are widely used in communication systems to generate stable and precise clock signals. The analysis includes phase noise, jitter, and lock time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Analog-to-Digital_and_Digital-to-Analog_Converters\"><\/span>Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Razavi&#8217;s book also covers analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). ADCs and DACs are essential <a href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/electronic-components-on-pcb\/\">components<\/a> in modern communication systems and signal processing applications. The book provides a detailed explanation of ADC and DAC architectures, including successive approximation, delta-sigma, and flash converters. The book also covers the impact of non-idealities, such as quantization noise and distortion, on ADC and DAC performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, Razavi&#8217;s book provides a comprehensive overview of advanced topics in analog electronics. The book covers a wide range of topics, including noise analysis, oscillators and PLLs, and ADCs and DACs. The book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in analog circuit design and communication systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Future_Developments_in_Razavi_Analog_Electronics\"><\/span>Future Developments in Razavi Analog Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-image uagb-block-074da965 wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default wp-block-uagb-image--effect-static wp-block-uagb-image--align-none\"><figure class=\"wp-block-uagb-image__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/canvas_conew1-6.jpg \" src=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/canvas_conew1-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"uag-image-48045\" title=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Emerging_Technologies\"><\/span>Emerging Technologies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Razavi Analog Electronics has been at the forefront of analog circuit design for several decades. As technology continues to advance, new opportunities arise for Razavi Analog Electronics to explore and innovate. One emerging technology that is likely to have a significant impact on the field is quantum computing. Quantum computing promises to revolutionize computing by allowing for the processing of vast amounts of data at speeds that are not possible with classical computers. Razavi Analog Electronics is well-positioned to take advantage of this technology by developing analog circuits that can interface with quantum computers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button aligncenter\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/contact\/\"><strong><strong><strong>Request PCB Manufacturing &amp; Assembly Quote Now<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Another emerging technology that is likely to have an impact on Razavi Analog Electronics is the Internet of Things (<a href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/iot-devices\/\">IoT<\/a>). The IoT is a network of devices that are connected to the internet and can communicate with each other. As the number of devices in the IoT continues to grow, there will be a need for analog circuits that can interface with these devices. Razavi Analog Electronics can play a key role in developing these circuits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Research_Directions\"><\/span>Research Directions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Razavi Analog Electronics has a long history of conducting cutting-edge research in the field of analog circuit design. As technology continues to advance, new research directions are emerging that hold great promise for the field. One area of research that is likely to be of interest to Razavi Analog Electronics is the development of analog circuits for biomedical applications. Analog circuits can play a critical role in medical devices such as pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, and glucose monitors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another area of research that is likely to be of interest to Razavi Analog Electronics is the development of analog circuits for renewable energy applications. As the world looks for ways to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are becoming increasingly important. Analog circuits can play a key role in the conversion and storage of energy from these sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In conclusion, Razavi Analog Electronics is well-positioned to take advantage of emerging technologies and new research directions in the field of analog circuit design. By continuing to innovate and explore new areas of research, Razavi Analog Electronics can help to shape the future of the field.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Razavi Analog Electronics is a field that has undergone significant advancements in the past few years. It is a subfield of electronics that deals with the design and analysis of analog circuits. Analog circuits are circuits that process signals that vary continuously, such as sound and light. This field has a wide range of applications, &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/razavi-analog-electronics\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Razavi Analog Electronics: A Comprehensive Guide to Circuit Design<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":49060,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors.jpg","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors.jpg",1000,500,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors-300x150.jpg",300,150,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors-768x384.jpg",768,384,true],"large":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors.jpg",1000,500,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors.jpg",1000,500,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors.jpg",1000,500,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors.jpg",600,300,false],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors-100x100.jpg",100,100,true],"yarpp-thumbnail":["https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/light-sensors-120x120.jpg",120,120,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Judy","author_link":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/author\/judy\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Razavi Analog Electronics is a field that has undergone significant advancements in the past few years. It is a subfield of electronics that deals with the design and analysis of analog circuits. Analog circuits are circuits that process signals that vary continuously, such as sound and light. This field has a wide range of applications,&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50862"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50862"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50862\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51382,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50862\/revisions\/51382"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hillmancurtis.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}