Multilayer PCBs vary according to the number of layers present in them. The advent of multilayer boards is a great advancement in the electronics industry. The 22 layer PCB has made a great change in the electronic industry. This multilayer board is widely used in several industries. It has continued to meet the ever-increasing demands of electronic manufacturers.
What is a 22 Layer PCB?
A 22 layer PCB features 22 layers of copper in it. This PCB comprises core and prepreg for sandwiching these layers. In PCB manufacturing, the numbers of layers in a board determine its thickness. A 22 layer PCB is thicker due to the number of layers it features.
Asides the top and bottom layers in this PCB, there are routing layers. Also, there are power planes and ground planes in this PCB. The primary materials used in the fabrication of this PCB include copper and substrates.
22 Layer PCB Stackup
22 layer PCB stackup is the arrangement of power and signal layers on a board. This helps the board to deliver mechanical and electrical performance. One of the most crucial stages of 22 layer PCB fabrication is the stackup. An effective stackup can help to reduce radiation. Meanwhile a poor stackup can create failures in the circuit.
The 22 layer PCB stackup comprises one bottom layer and one top layer. There are 20 inner layers in this board. The 22 layer PCB stackup features 14 routing layers. The remaining 8 layers are either ground planes or power planes. This stackup is an ideal option for high-end applications.
Boards featuring more layers always require thin dielectrics. These dielectrics create a tight coupling between the layers. 22 layer PCBs will meet the standards for maintaining good EMC performance with proper routing. This type of multiplayer PCB features more cores and prepregs.
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What Makes up 22 Layer PCB Stackup?
The ground planes, power planes, and signal layers make up the 22 layer PCB stackup.
Signal layers
The signal layers in a multilayer board are very crucial. They are positioned in different locations on a stackup. A signal layer can be a top layer, middle layer, and bottom layer. Manufacturers use buried vias, through vias, and blind vias to connect the layers.
The top layer is the layer on which manufacturers place components. You can use this layer to arrange coat copper. It is an important layer in the 22 layer stackup. Manufacturers arrange signal lines on the middle layers. Here, there is no ground wire or power cord.
The bottom layer is another signal layer on the 22 layer PCB stackup. It is also known as the solder layer. This layer is suitable for soldering and wiring. Components can also be directly placed on it.
Ground plane
This is a crucial layer in the 22 layer stackup. The ground plane is a big area of metal linked to the circuit ground. This plane will link up to a power net and allow the return voltage to come back via the ground net. The ground plane helps to return regular signals. Also, it helps to minimize noise and interference.
Power plane
This is a plane of copper linked to a power supply. It offers a supply of voltage to a PCB. A power plane can reduce the operating temperature of a board. It does this by handling higher current than tracks or traces.
Applications of 22 Layer PCB
A 22 layer PCB is widely used in several applications. These applications include:
Consumer electronics
A 22 layer PCB is available in most consumer electronics. For instance, you will find this PCB in smartphones, TV remote control, and more. This PCB helps in maintaining high signal transmission in devices.
Medical electronics
In the medical industry, 22 layer PCBs are commonly used in medical devices. For example, electronic sugar testing machines and blood pressure measuring equipment incorporate 22 layer PCB. You will find these PCBs in big machines like radiology, nuclear, and X-ray.
Telecommunication electronics
22 layer PCBs are available in telecommunication electronics. The telecommunication industry incorporates 22 layer PCBs in their devices. Power amplifier, attenuators, and filter feature 22 layer PCB.
Computer systems
This PCB is ideal for use in designing computers and their parts. You will find them in power supplies, graphic cards, and motherboards.
You will find this PCB in other applications like:
- Cloud computing
- Military and defense
- Satellites
- Automotive
- Navigation systems
- Telecommunication
- Aerospace
Benefits of a 22 Layer PCB
This PCB is an ideal option for several applications due to the wide range of benefits it offers. Some of the benefits of a 22 layer PCB include
Enhanced flexibility
This PCB offers enhanced flexibility due to the high number of layers in it. The 22 layer PCB works well in high-temperature conditions.
Impedance control
SPI and USB are communication protocols that need to route to the tracks. For instance, D-lines and USB D+ need to be regulated. The defined ground plane on a 22 layer PCB helps to achieve impedance control.
Compact size
This is one of the greatest benefits of a 22 layer board. For example, the compact sizes of modern electronic devices are a result of multilayer PCBs. Electronic manufacturers use 22 layer PCB to achieve compactness in their products.
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The Manufacturing Process of a 22 Layer PCB
The manufacturing of a 22 layer PCB is a process that involves several steps. This process is quite complex, yet it is straightforward.
Preparation
You will need to prepare the core materials used for the fabrication process. These materials include copper foil, prepreg, core, and more.
Inner dry film
This involves transferring the inner circuit pattern to the board. This step involves inner layer sticking and inner layer etching
Lamination
This step involves bonding the layers of circuits to a board. Manufacturers use interdiffusion and large molecules penetration on the interface.
Drilling and pattern plating
The drilling process involves cutting at high speed to create a through hole on the board. The manufacturer uses photosensitive dry film to print circuit patterns on the PCB.
Solder mask
This process involves adding a solder mask to the PCB surface. Solder mask helps to avoid undue tin on conductor lines.
Test
Testing is an important process in the manufacturing of a 22 layer board. This process helps to evaluate the functionality and performance of a board.
Conclusion
A 22 layer PCB is an effective and durable board featuring 22 copper layers. The laminates binding these layers add to its durability. There is an increasing demand for 22 layer PCBs in the electronics industry.
